Introduction:There are many types of espresso-based coffee, from the classic Espresso to popular drinks like Latte and Cappuccino, each with its unique flavor and brewing method. This article provides a detailed introduction to 11 common espresso drinks, including their formulation ratios, extraction parameters, and flavor profiles, helping beginners grasp the basics and learn how to adjust proportions to suit personal preferences. Whether you want to learn how to make a strong Espresso or a creamy milk coffee, this guide offers practical reference.

Espressois the foundation of all espresso-based drinks. It is made by quickly extracting coffee grounds under high pressure (about 9 atmospheres) with hot water, producing a rich coffee liquid with caramel-like aroma. Ideally, using 20 grams of coffee grounds can yield about 40 grams of espresso in approximately 25–30 seconds, with a fine layer of coffee crema forming on the surface." alt="Illustration of different types of espresso coffee" />

Americanois made by diluting Espresso with hot water, usually in a ratio of 1:4 to 1:5—for example, 40 grams of Espresso mixed with 180 ml of hot water, resulting in a total volume of about 220 ml. This method originated during World War II when American soldiers adjusted the intense taste of Italian Espresso. It suits those who prefer a lighter coffee flavor and pairs especially well with desserts." alt="Illustration of Americano preparation" />

Flat Whiteoriginated in Australia and is characterized by using less milk and thinner microfoam (about 0.5 cm), highlighting the aroma of the coffee itself. A common recipe is 30 grams of Espresso with 190 ml of milk, and the cup size is usually smaller than that of a Latte, making it ideal for consumers who prefer a stronger coffee experience. Note that Flat White is only served hot." alt="Flat White and its microfoam thickness" />

Latte (Coffee Latte)means "milk" in Italian, and consists of a double Espresso (about 40 grams) with a large amount of milk and milk foam, where the foam is about 1 cm thick and the total milk volume is around 260 ml. This coffee is ideal for latte art, and the sweetness of the milk can soften the bitterness of the coffee, making it a popular choice for beginners." alt="Latte art example" />

Cappuccinoconsists of equal parts Espresso, steamed milk, and milk foam (1:1:1), with the thickest and fluffiest foam, about 1–1.5 cm. Traditionally served in a small cup, it emphasizes the layered texture of the three components and is a common breakfast coffee choice in Italy." alt="The three layers of a Cappuccino" />

Espresso con Pannais simple yet classic, consisting of Espresso topped with whipped cream. The cream floats on top of the coffee and is meant to be drunk without stirring. This drink balances the intense flavor of the Espresso with the sweet creaminess, suitable for those who enjoy lightly flavored coffee." alt="Whipped cream topping on Espresso con Panna" />

Cafe Mochais a classic sweet drink combining coffee, milk, and chocolate. A common recipe includes 40 grams of Espresso, 20 grams of chocolate syrup, and 260 grams of hot milk. There are also variations like White Mocha using white chocolate, or creative spins such as Zebra Mocha (a mix of two chocolates), making it a favorite for those with a sweet tooth." alt="Chocolate and milk foam in Cafe Mocha" />

Viennese Coffee (Viennese)is a traditional Austrian drink made with Espresso, whipped cream, and chocolate syrup, sometimes called "Einspänner." This coffee combines the richness of coffee with the smoothness of cream, representing a classic winter warm beverage." alt="Whipped cream topping on Viennese Coffee" />

Macchiatomeans "marked" in Italian. The traditional method involves adding a small amount of milk foam to Espresso as a mark, emphasizing the original flavor of the coffee. The modern version typically uses 40 grams of Espresso with a spoonful of fine foam, where the foam contrasts visually with the crema." alt="Foam marking on a Macchiato" />

Caramel MacchiatoAlthough the name includes "Macchiato," it is actually a sweet drink created by Starbucks, primarily made with a large amount of milk, vanilla syrup, and caramel sauce, with Espresso making up only a small portion. This drink features rich foam and pronounced sweetness, suitable for those who enjoy bold, sweet flavors." alt="Layered structure of Caramel Macchiato" />

The above content is compiled by CoffeeHunters, a coffee news website.